基于字典学习的遥感图像去模糊研究

对高分辨率遥感图像进行去模糊是遥感研究中的一个主要难题,针对此提出了一种新的基于稀疏表示的高分辨率遥感图像去模糊算法。该算法利用快速梯度投影算法实现去模糊,并且保留原图像的有用信息。通过对"高分一号"获取的遥感图像进行验证,表明该算法能较好地滤除遥感图像的模糊,提高图像的峰值性噪比,且比其他字典学习算法具有更好的性能。     

A projected gradient method for optimization over density matrices

An ensemble of quantum states can be described by a Hermitian, positive semidefinite and unit trace matrix called density matrix. Thus, the study of methods for optimizing a certain function (energy, entropy) over the set of density matrices has a direct application to important problems in quantum information and computation. We propose a projected gradient method for solving such problems. By exploiting the geometry of the feasible set, which is the intersection of the cone of Hermitian positive semidefinite matrices with the hyperplane defined by the unit trace constraint, we describe an efficient procedure to compute the projection onto this set using the Frobenius norm. Some important applications, such as quantum state tomography, are described and numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the method when compared to previous methods based on fixed-point iterations or semidefinite programming.     

Control of Julia Sets in Generalized Alternated System

In this paper, we first introduce the generalized alternated system. The definition of the Julia set in the generalized alternated system is given, which is called a generalized alternated Julia set. Then, we achieve the control of generalized alternated Julia sets by applying the classic control methods, which are gradient control and optimal control. In addition, the synchronization between two different generalized alternated Julia sets is implemented using gradient control and optimal control. The simulations illustrate the effectiveness and correctness of these two control methods, and the results are displayed in 2D computer graphics.     

二阶自治广义Birkhoff系统的奇点分析

建立二阶自治广义Birkhoff系统的微分方程.给出该系统的线性化方程,得到该线性方程转化为梯度系统的条件,利用梯度系统的性质对线性系统的奇点进行了分析,然后再利用Perron定理探讨了相应的非线性系统的奇点类型.结果表明,如果线性系统能成为梯度系统,那么相应的非线性系统的奇点可能是结点或者鞍点.     

水深及滩地糙率对复式断面河道过流能力的影响

水深、滩地糙率是具有单、双槽复式断面河道过流能力的重要影响因素。采用数学模型计算并分析不同水深及滩地糙率情况下,概化的顺直型复式断面河道的过流能力,结果表明:当滩地水深与滩地高度之比增大时,滩地流量分配比随之增大,但增大的趋势越来越弱。随着滩地水深与滩地高度之比增大,河道水力坡降降低,在滩地水深与滩地高度之比小于0.4时,增大滩地水深与滩地高度之比对于减小水面比降效果明显。随着滩地糙率的增大,滩地流量分配比迅速减小,两者呈线性相关。     

Multiphoton fluorescent images with a spatially varying background signal: a ML deconvolution method

By means of multiphoton laser scanning microscopy, neuroscientists can look inside the brain deeper than has ever been possible before. Multiphoton fluorescent images, as all optical images, suffer from degradation caused by a variety of sources (e.g. light dispersion and absorption in the tissue, laser fluctuations, spurious photodetection and staining deficiency). From a modelling perspective, such degradations can be considered the sum of stochastic noise and a background signal. Among the methods proposed in the literature to perform image deconvolution in either confocal or multiphoton fluorescent microscopy, Vicidomini et al. (2009) were the first to incorporate models for noise (a Poisson process) and background signal (spatially constant) in the context of regularized inverse problems. Unfortunately, the so-called split-gradient deconvolution method (SGM) they used did not consider possible spatial variations in the background signal. In this paper, we extend the SGM by adding a maximum-likelihood estimation step for the determination of a spatially varying background signal. We demonstrate that the assumption of a constant background is not always valid in multiphoton laser microscopy and by using synthetic and actual multiphoton fluorescent images, we evaluate the face of validity of the proposed method, and compare its accuracy with the previously introduced SGM algorithm.     

一种离焦模糊图像边缘检测新方法

根据离焦模糊图像的特性,提出一种新的离焦模糊图像边缘检测算法,该算法通过定义一个新的边缘检测算子,利用新算子对图像各像素进行卷积,求得各像素的梯度和方向信息,根据梯度和方向信息进行阈值化处理,得到离焦模糊图像的边缘检测图像。实验结果表明,对于离焦模糊图像,利用新的边缘检测算子进行边缘检测,能够较好地检测被模糊而弱化的边缘,检测效果符合人眼视觉感受。     

基于蚁群算法的无线传感网络中心点融合算法研究

建立级别梯度场是无线传感器网络中心点融合算法的重要组成部分。采用泛洪方法向外扩散梯度,会造成严重的能量消耗问题。为了节省传感器网络中的能量,将蚁群算法用于建立级别梯度场阶段,提出了基于蚁群算法的无线传感网络中心点融合算法。仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性。研究结果表明,基于蚁群算法的中心点融合算法可以显著地减少无线传感器网络的能量消耗,延长无线传感器网络的生命周期。     

基于梯度投影的图像盲复原算法

为了利用多帧退化图像信息快速恢复出高质量的图像,提出了一种新的递归梯度投影多帧图像盲复原算法。该算法充分利用多帧图像的先验信息,首先给出一种能够有效抑制噪声放大的新的代价函数,然后通过梯度投影算法对新的代价函数进行最小化以推导出迭代公式,最后通过频率域多次递归迭代运算对退化图像进行复原。模拟实验结果证明该算法运算快速,对于不同高斯噪声级别和不同PSF衰退的图像,均能够清晰地恢复出图像细节特征、同时也能够准确地恢复出衰退PSF。     

Extended stochastic gradient identification algorithms for Hammerstein–Wiener ARMAX systems

An extended stochastic gradient algorithm is developed to estimate the parameters of Hammerstein–Wiener ARMAX models. The basic idea is to replace the unmeasurable noise terms in the information vector of the pseudo-linear regression identification model with the corresponding noise estimates which are computed by the obtained parameter estimates. The obtained parameter estimates of the identification model include the product terms of the parameters of the original systems. Two methods of separating the parameter estimates of the original parameters from the product terms are discussed: the average method and the singular value decomposition method. To improve the identification accuracy, an extended stochastic gradient algorithm with a forgetting factor is presented. The simulation results indicate that the parameter estimation errors become small by introducing the forgetting factor.